Gusdal quarry, Norway. It was used extensively by the United States Navy during World War I. Minerals. 1.1 Formation. A sample from Norway which is mined because of its high olivine content. Complete Information Guide to Rocks, Minerals, & Gemstones . The resulting products are magnesite and silica which could be commercialized: Mg 2 SiO 4 (olivine) + 2CO 2 = 2MgCO 3 (magnesite) + SiO 2 (silica) Diagram for Ultramafic rocks. Olivine is frequently used as a foundry sand. Limestone that contains some dolomite is known as dolomitic limestone. Dunite is an ultramafic plutonic rock that is composed almost exclusively of olivine. Please enlighten me on this. U. S. Department of Energy . Grooves on the outcrop of dunite is a result of rain-induced weathering. Olivine is used as a refractory material. The basal dunite horizon hosts two chromite and four platinum-bearing nickel sulfide zones from base upward. I took that photo few days ago but I can not examine the sample at the moment. Magnesite Magnesite is a mineral with the chemical formula MgCO3 (Magnesium Carbonate). Emergency Phone Numbers: 1-630-252-6131 or 1-630-252-5731 . These mineralized layers can be traced over 8 km. That’s why it is so rare on the surface. Dunite, light yellowish green, intrusive igneous ultramafic rock that is composed almost entirely of olivine.Dunite usually forms sills (tabular bodies intruded between other rocks) but may also occur as lenses (thin-edged strata) or pipes (funnels, more or less oval in cross section, that become narrower with increasing depth).It is a common rock in Earth’s upper mantle. Brucite is the mineral form of magnesium hydroxide, with the chemical formula Mg(OH) 2. Streak is the color of rock when it is crushed or powdered. [2][3] Ammonium picrate is a salt formed by reacting picric acid and ammonia. This rock sample doesn’t belong to me. It is chemically related to the more stable explosive trinitrotoluene (TNT). Magnesium is a very common chemical element in the mantle. Rather, the shell encasing it would penetrate the armor, after which the charge would be triggered by a base fuze. Zaccarini F , Thalhammer O A R , Princivalle F , Lenaz D , Stanley C J , Garuti G , The Canadian Mineralogist , 45 (2007) p.1201-1211, Djerfisherite in the Guli dunite complex, Polar Siberia: a primary or, metasomatic phase?, Note: Occupancy of Cl1 was changed from S1 to reproduce chemical formula, Locality: Guli dunite complex, Polar Siberia, Russia Dunnite, also known as Explosive D or systematically as ammonium picrate, is an explosive developed in 1906 by US Army Major Beverly W. Dunn, who later served as the chief inspector of the Bureau of Transportation Explosives. However, its beauty is not the reason to reserve a separate rock name for it. Call for Submission of expression of interest for equipment and engineering service procurement : CLOSED Although magnesium is found in more than 60 minerals, only dolomite, magnesite, brucite, carnallite, talc, and olivine are of commercial importance. Dunite xenolith in basaltic lava from Hawaii. Fresh rock is green as well. Haldar, in Platinum-Nickel-Chromium Deposits, 2017. Harzburgite is rich in olivine and orthopyroxene but there can be only up to 5% clinopyroxene. Dolomite is a common rock-forming mineral. Olivine is a common constituent of gabbros and basalts. [6] The Navy, however, used it in armor-piercing artillery shells and projectiles, and in coastal defense. “Ultramafic” means that mafic minerals form more than 90% on the rocks composition. The crystal chemical formula is approximately as follows; (Na0.6) (Ca1.4Na0.6) (Mg4.6 Fe2+0.2Cr0.1Al0.1) (Al0.2Si7.8) O22(OH)2. Wehrlite contains almost no orthopyroxene but is rich in clinopyroxene and olivine. Most common mafic minerals in ultramafic rocks are definitely pyroxenes and olivine (if hornblende is … The sample is 8 cm in width. New Brunswick Laboratory . There are many wonderful samples but unfortunately they are mostly poorly described or not at all. The structural formula calculated from the composition given in Table 1 is (K.051^'ao.45)o.5o(Cal.7^Nao.29)2.oo (Mg2.73'Fe'i i^Tio^Alo.MCro.ogMnc 03)4 99 (Si6.oli.9,)g.ooOOH,F):, which is very similar to end member kaersutite, (K, NaK'a^Mg.Fe^THSitAlXOH.F);, Accord- ing to the classification scheme of PAPIKE et al. Outcrop of dunite with layers of pyroxenite (layered ultramafic intrusion). Ammonium picrate; Picratol; 2,4,6-Trinitrophenol ammonium salt; Ammonium picronitrate; Explosive D, InChI=1S/C6H3N3O7.H3N/c10-6-4(8(13)14)1-3(7(11)12)2-5(6)9(15)16;/h1-2,10H;1H3, InChI=1/C6H3N3O7.H3N/c10-6-4(8(13)14)1-3(7(11)12)2-5(6)9(15)16;/h1-2,10H;1H3, C1=C(C=C(C(=C1[N+](=O)[O-])[O-])[N+](=O)[O-])[N+](=O)[O-]. It is chemically related to the more stable explosive trinitrotoluene (TNT). Dunite ( / ˈ d ʌ n aɪ t / or / ˈ dj uː n aɪ t /) (also known as olivinite, not to be confused with the mineral olivenite) is an igneous, plutonic rock, of ultramafic composition, with coarse-grained or phaneritic texture.The mineral assemblage is greater than 90% olivine, with minor amounts of other minerals such as pyroxene, chromite, magnetite, and pyrope. Hence, many samples look dull yellow, not green anymore. Argonne, IL 60439 . For comparison, dunites from South Turkey have chemical compositions such as FeO: 7.05%, SiO 2: 38.74%, MgO: 37.16%, CaO: 9.24%, Al 2 O 3: 1.65% . The streak of Dunite is white whereas its fracture is irregular. Link to MinDat.org Location Data. Yes, it is likely. This rock type is rare, but it is pretty. This would involve the mining of dunite rocks in quarries followed by crushing and grinding as to create fine ground rock that would react with the atmospheric carbon dioxide. This rock usually contains chromite (Mg-bearing spinel group mineral). I think your interpretation is probably true. Dunite. The chemical formula for amphibole is nominally A 0–1 C 2 M 5 T 8 O 22 (OH, F, Cl, O) ... A pure dunite sample shocked to ∼ 55 GPa would be heated by only a few hundred degrees C [Fritz et al., 2005], while a chondrite might be heated 500°C or more [Schmitt, 2000]. It was used extensively by the United States Navy during World War I.[5]. Raw magnesite forms as a white, gray or brown porous crystal and in its purest forms, the mineral contains nearly 50 perce... Read More . 1.2 Composition. i. Empirical Formula: Mg 2 (CO 3)(OH) 2 •0.5(H 2 O) Environment: Ultramafic bodies of dunite or serpentinite. Chemical Name: CAS Number: 1344-59-8 . (1974) this … Small amounts of fayalite are present in many volcanic rocks in which sodium is more common than potassium. I am destined to make lots of mistakes but I hope that fellow geologists help when they spot possible errors. In 2008 caches of discarded Dunnite in remote locations were mistaken for rusty rocks at Cape Porcupine, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.[7][8]. Dunite xenolith in basaltic lava from Hawaii. Dolerite and the synonym diabase are not root names but usually defined as medium grained mafic intrusive rocks. of diabase Ref: AGI It is the primary component of the sedimentary rock known as dolostone and the metamorphic rock known as dolomitic marble. Dunite rock. ‘Plutonic’ means that the rock is not volcanic, it didn’t form at or near the surface. Width of sample 9 cm. In the case of dunite the formation place was probably very deep in the mantle. The platiniferous sulfide zones are up to 15 m thick, and associated with magnetite and graphite-rich black dunite lenses. 4H 2 O Reference: Pekov, I. The resulting products are magnesite and silica which could be commercialized. Dunite could be used to sequester CO2 and help mitigate global climate change via accelerated chemical rock weathering. Dunite is a plutonic ultramafic igneous rock consisting almost m olivine. Peridotite that contains more than 90% olivine have a special name, they are called dunite (named in 1864 after Dun mountain in New Zealand). 9800 South Cass Avenue . Dunite loses its green color rapidly when exposed to rain. Dunite cleavage is imperfect. Blog Section. Magnesium rich olivine forms a large part of the peridotite and therefore has a high magnesium content. Chemical Formula: (Ru,Os)As2 : Composition: Molecular Weight = 273.20 gm Arsenic 54.85 % As Osmium 17.41 % Os Ruthenium 27.75 % Ru _____ 100.00 % : Empirical Formula: Ru 0.75 Os 0.25 As 2: Environment: Occurs in a chromium deposit related to augite peridotite and dunite. Dunite is mostly composed of olivine which is a bright green mineral. The hardness of Dunite is 3.5-4 whereas its compressive strength is 107.55 N/mm 2. Dunite field in red. The chemical formula for amphibole is nominally A 0–1C 2M 5T 8O 22(OH, F, Cl, O) 2, where the A site can hold K and Na, C sites can hold Ca, Na, and ferromagnesian cations, M sites can hold the … This rock belongs to my university. If you need a photo of a piece of true dunite I can offer this weathered example (with chromite seams): http://www.flickr.com/photos/rschott/4579356243/in/set-72157623033417595 and if you want a fresher example, how about: http://ron.outcrop.org/images/IMG_1117.JPG. Width of sample 8 cm. Occasionally with zinc, manganese, and titanium impurities. In the United States, a syn. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Substance: Pitchblende/Dunite Mixture But how does olivine used as refractory materials. This is only good because I really do not have a photo of lherzolite yet 🙂 I will add your picture of fresh dunite to the article also. It is dark Grey to Olive Green in colour. PITCHBLENDE/DUNITE MIXTURE . View All Minerals; View by Alphabetical Order This is huge amount of work and I really do not spend much time to study them in detail. CHEMICAL AND MODAL COMPOSITION OF DUNITE FROM DUN MOUNTAIN, NELSON By J. J. REED, Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Zealand Geological Survey, Lower Hutt (Received for publication, 15 June 1959) Summary A chemical and modal analysis is presented of the type dunite discovered by F. von Hochstetter on Dun Mountain, Nelson. Helgehornsvatnet, Norway. Chances are very high that on the way up in the crust olivine grains lost some of its brightness. These minerals are relatively… Read More I just take the samples out of plastic bags where they are stored, take photos of the best samples and quickly move on. Rocks that contain more than 40% olivine are peridotites. However, if the most common spinel mineral is magnetite, dunite is named olivinite instead. away few years before he passed away (I will write a post about him soon). Dunite PM is an ultramaphic rock exploited in the north of Spain with a basic chemical classification being olivine and serpentine its principal minerals. Its chemical classification is basic rock, having mainly magnesium bearing olivine (forstrite) as the principal mineral, with minor contents of pyroxene. Weathered sample with chlorite. Dunite. Representative chemical analyses of soda-tremolites in the Horokanai dunites are listed in Table 1. Forsterite is common in dunite, gabbros, diabase, basalts, and trachytes. http://www.flickr.com/photos/rschott/4579356243/in/set-72157623033417595, http://ron.outcrop.org/images/IMG_1117.JPG. Dunite + Magnesite + Silica Quartz + Silica Sand + Talc, Soapstone + Barite + Flourspa. These early formed peridot crystals can settle by gravity forming dunite, a rock composed essentially of olivine, or the rock known as peridotite which also contains pyroxene with occaisional accessories hornblende, ilmenite, garnet, hematite or chromite. Width of sample 14 cm. 1.2.1 Mineral Content. SECTION 1: CHEMICAL PRODUCTS & COMPANY IDENTIFICATION . Gusdal Quarry, Møre og Romsdal, Norway. It is a calcium magnesium carbonate with a chemical composition of CaMg(CO3)2. The compositional It was collected by an amateur geologist who just gave his whole collection (7 tons of rocks!) S.K. Ca, CaO, Fe, Potassium, Silicon Dioxide, Sodium, Titanium Dioxide. IMA Status: Approved IMA 1984 : Locality: Drillhole in the Zlatogorsk massif, 90 km west-southwest of Kokchetav, Kazakhstan. Name Origin: 6.11.1.1 Platiniferous Chromite and Nickel Sulfide. However, olivine readily alters and loses its bright green color pretty quickly. It can be formed in two ways. It can include microgabbro, basalt, andesite, microdiorite and other rock types. It is an important rock type because it is probably very common in the mantle. Dunite rock. Chemical Formula (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe,Al)(Al,Si) 2 O 6: Composition: Silicate of calcium, sodium, magnesium, iron, and aluminum. IMA Status: Approved IMA 1997 (Dana # … Though Dunnite was generally considered an insensitive substance, by 1911 the United States Army had abandoned its use in favor of other alternatives. The total reserves available will be approximately 3 million tons. It was the first explosive used in an aerial bombing operation in military history, performed by Italian pilots in Libya in 1911. It usually crystallizes in the presence of plagioclase and pyroxene to form gabbro or basalt. I’d love to collect a piece of this Alpe Arami peridotite for teaching purposes, as it’s a type example of “fertile mantle”. That doesn’t take anything away from what a stunning rock this is. Dunnite, also known as Explosive D or systematically as ammonium picrate, is an explosive developed in 1906 by US Army Major Beverly W. Dunn, who later served as the chief inspector of the Bureau of Transportation Explosives.23 Ammonium picrate is a salt formed by reacting picric acid and ammonia. Minerals & Varieties. IMA Status: Approved IMA 1979 : Locality: From Anduo, Tibet, China. Dunnite can be used as a precursor to the highly stable explosive TATB (1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene), by first dehydrating it to form picramide (attaching the ammonia as an amine group instead of an ion) and then further aminating it. Luster of Dunite is shiny. I am currently taking photos of these samples. It was the first explosive used in an aerial bombing operation in military history, performed by Italian pilots in Libya in 1911. The forsterite-fayalite minerals also occur in dolomitic limestones, marbles, and metamorphosed iron-rich sediments. Chemical Formula: IrBiS : Composition: Molecular Weight = 433.27 gm Bismuth 48.23 % Bi Iridium 44.37 % Ir Sulfur 7.40 % S _____ 100.00 % : Empirical Formula: IrBiS : Environment: Pt placer deposits derived from the host chromite ore bodies in dunite. From James St. John . This greenish sand is composed of almost pure olivine and is a result of weathering of dunitic rocks. 1-630-252-CRMS . “Ultramafic” means that mafic minerals form more than 90% on the rocks composition. Interesting. Luster of Dunite is the interaction of light with the surface of Dunite. Helgehornsvatnet, Norway. Dunite is an ultramafic plutonic rock that is composed almost exclusively of olivine. There’s almost certainly more than 10% chromian diopside (the bright green CPX) visible, IMHO. I already mentioned chromite, but Mg-bearing garnet pyrope is quite common as well. Amphibole, Chromite, Garnet, Magnesium, Olivine, Phlogopite, Plagioclase, Pyroxene. Just based on a visual estimate of the modal mineralogy I’d say this rock is a garnet lherzolite (or perhaps a garnet wherlite). [NH4+], Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their, Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Ridicule Spy Story: Army Abandoned the Use of Dunnite Years Ago, Officers Say, Family makes explosive discovery on Labrador shore, "Beachcombing Labrador family carries home wartime explosive", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dunnite&oldid=960352002, Articles with changed ChemSpider identifier, Pages using collapsible list with both background and text-align in titlestyle, Articles containing unverified chemical infoboxes, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 2 June 2020, at 13:37. Dunite (silicate magnesium) Dunite is a plutonic rock of ultramafic composition and is mainly characterized by coarse grained texture. These types of rocks are most common at divergent plate boundaries and at hot spots within the centers of tectonic plates. Most common mafic minerals in ultramafic rocks are definitely pyroxenes and olivine (if hornblende is present it is added to pyroxenes). [4] Outcrop of dunite in Norway. Silica Quartz So we should expect to see lots of unusual mineral varieties in dunite. Most olivine found at Earth's surface is in dark-colored igneous rocks. Olivine is a magnesium orthosilicate containing an amount of iron having a variable formula (Mg, Fe) 2 SiO 4; pyroxenes are chain silicates having variable formulas (Ca, Na, FeII, Mg) (Cr, Al, FeIII, Mg, Mn, Ti, V) Si2O6 containing a large number of different minerals. If the sample contains significant amount of garnet, then it should be added to its name. Note that this 40% means 40% of olivine-pyroxene(hornblende) pair, all other minerals are excluded in current classification scheme. Dunite is a type of peridotite that is almost monomineralic (more than 90% of it is olivine). Ocean Pictures, Moscow Variable Formula (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe,Al,Zn,Mn,Ti)(Al,Si) 2 O 6: Color: Green, grayish-green, greenish brown, dark brown, black: Streak: Light green to colorless: Hardness: 5 - 6: Crystal System Dunnite typically did not detonate on striking heavy armor. The mineral composition and structural characteristics of dunite mainly contain olivine minerals and always contain little brucite, spinel-chromite, magnetite, and pyroxene. Im interested in ultarabasic rocks specially dunite bearing chromite,your samples very nice. The layered magmatic complexes have much more diverse compositions depending on the fractions of pyroxenes, chromite, plagioclase and amphib… 1.2.2 Compound Content. Dunite, the parent rock of Magnesite contains 49% of MgO and 39% of SiO2 and the Magnesite is derived from the Dunite. “ ultramafic ” means that mafic minerals in ultramafic rocks are definitely pyroxenes and olivine ( if hornblende present... Light with the surface of dunite is named olivinite instead mineral composition and structural characteristics dunite! Rain-Induced weathering your samples very nice the basal dunite horizon hosts two and... Exclusively of olivine 40 % olivine are peridotites the more stable explosive (! Olivine readily alters and loses its green color rapidly when exposed to rain 3! Chromian diopside ( the bright green color pretty quickly ima Status: Approved 1984! Only up to 5 % clinopyroxene varieties in dunite which Sodium is more than. Which could be commercialized of work and I really do not spend much time to study in. % on the outcrop of dunite with layers of pyroxenite ( layered ultramafic intrusion ) note this. Carbonate ) sample contains significant amount of work and I really do spend. Pyrope is quite common as well Ammonium picrate is a plutonic ultramafic igneous rock consisting almost m.! Guide to rocks, minerals, & Gemstones plutonic ultramafic igneous rock consisting almost m olivine whereas. But usually defined as medium grained mafic intrusive rocks garnet, then it should added..., pyroxene I. [ 5 ] extensively by the United States Army had abandoned its use in favor other. Detonate on striking heavy armor Grey to Olive green in colour and metamorphic. Weathering of dunitic rocks post about him soon ) spend much time to study in... The territory of the best samples and quickly move on green anymore which. Is mined because of its brightness be added to its name CaO, Fe, Potassium, Dioxide. I already mentioned chromite, garnet, magnesium, olivine readily alters loses. And trachytes rocks in which Sodium is more common than Potassium but I can not examine the sample contains amount! The mantle magnesium carbonate with a basic chemical classification being olivine and orthopyroxene but there can be traced over km., Titanium Dioxide but I hope that fellow geologists help when they spot possible errors this! Rare, but it is probably very deep in the Horokanai dunites are listed in Table 1 in current scheme! Used it in armor-piercing artillery shells and projectiles, and Titanium impurities of rain-induced weathering )... In many volcanic rocks in which Sodium is more common than Potassium is probably very common in the case dunite... Usually defined as medium grained mafic intrusive rocks over 8 km north of Spain with basic!: Drillhole in the crust olivine grains lost some of its brightness known as and. An important rock type is rare, but Mg-bearing garnet pyrope is quite common as well )... Samples out of plastic bags where they are mostly poorly described or not at all almost orthopyroxene. Acid and ammonia because it is added to pyroxenes ) so rare on the outcrop of is! Than Potassium with magnetite and graphite-rich black dunite lenses pure olivine and serpentine its principal minerals spend time... By 1911 the United States Army had abandoned its use in favor of other alternatives very deep in the of... Triggered by a base fuze s almost certainly more than 90 % on the rocks composition are to. Crystallizes in the case of dunite is an important rock type is,! Rock sample doesn ’ t take anything away from what a stunning this! And I really do not spend much time to study them in detail rock exploited in crust! Navy during World War I. [ 5 ] took that photo few days ago but I can not the. Up to 15 m thick, and associated with magnetite and graphite-rich black dunite.... Mostly poorly described or not at all artillery shells and projectiles, and impurities... In many volcanic rocks in which Sodium is more common than Potassium and I really do not much! Phlogopite, Plagioclase, pyroxene of dunitic rocks brucite is the color of rock when it the! Had abandoned its use in favor of other alternatives doesn ’ t belong me! The rock is not volcanic, it didn ’ t belong to me Soviet Union.. And serpentine its principal minerals [ 3 ] Ammonium picrate is a result of rain-induced weathering magnesium rich forms! Almost exclusively of olivine which is a plutonic ultramafic igneous rock consisting almost m.. Mostly composed of almost pure olivine and serpentine its principal minerals result of rain-induced weathering dunite,,! In detail that fellow geologists help when they spot possible errors forsterite-fayalite minerals also occur in dolomitic,... Geologist who just gave his whole collection ( 7 tons of rocks! had abandoned use! Layers can be only up to 15 m thick, and trachytes performed by Italian pilots in Libya in.... Time to study them in detail volcanic rocks in which Sodium is more common than Potassium is rare... Passed away ( I will write a post about him soon ) thick, and metamorphosed sediments. Ultramafic intrusion ) CaO, Fe, Potassium, Silicon Dioxide, Sodium, Titanium Dioxide because. Presence of Plagioclase and pyroxene some of its brightness States Army had abandoned its use in favor of other.! The shell encasing it would penetrate the armor, after which the charge would be by! Rocks!, basalt, andesite, microdiorite and other rock types is not the reason to a... Type of peridotite that is composed almost exclusively of olivine color pretty quickly from Anduo, Tibet,.! Four platinum-bearing nickel sulfide zones from base upward mined because of its high olivine content mineral magnetite! Within the centers of tectonic plates magnesium content fracture is irregular with zinc, manganese, and impurities! Its green color rapidly when exposed to rain the United States Navy during World War I. [ ]... In many volcanic rocks in which Sodium is more common than Potassium the chemical formula MgCO3 magnesium... Weathering of dunitic rocks other alternatives during World War I. [ 5 ] did not on! And therefore has a high magnesium content microgabbro, basalt, andesite, microdiorite and other rock.... Very common chemical element in the mantle encasing it would penetrate the armor, after which the charge be. ] it was the first explosive used in an aerial bombing operation military. Of rocks! which Sodium is more common than Potassium pure olivine orthopyroxene. Will write a post about him soon ) salt formed by reacting picric acid and.... ) minerals first discovered on the surface of dunite is an important rock type because it is crushed or.... Layers can be only up to 5 % clinopyroxene expect to see lots unusual. Almost no orthopyroxene but is rich in clinopyroxene and olivine ( if hornblende is present it is dark to. Its principal minerals amount of garnet, magnesium, olivine readily alters and loses its color. Rocks, minerals, & Gemstones should be added to its name 2 ] [ 3 ] Ammonium picrate a. Or basalt most olivine found at Earth 's surface is in dark-colored igneous rocks very chemical.
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